Profit/Loss & Discount

Ladakh Police Constable · Mathematics · 47 practice questions with answers and explanations: 13 Easy, 32 Medium, 2 Hard.

Sample questions

Sample Easy question 1

An article costs Rs. 400. Find its selling price for a 15% loss.

  1. 338
  2. 340
  3. 335
  4. 330
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Answer: B. Selling price = 400 × 0.85 = Rs. 340.

Sample Easy question 2

A shirt marked at Rs. 800 is sold at a 25% discount. Find the selling price.

  1. 620
  2. 580
  3. 600
  4. 650
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Answer: C. Selling price = 800 × 0.75 = Rs. 600.

Sample Easy question 3

A book marked at Rs. 500 is sold for Rs. 425. Find the discount percentage.

  1. 18%
  2. 10%
  3. 15%
  4. 12%
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Answer: C. Discount % = (500-425)/500 × 100 = 15%.

Sample Medium question 4

The cost price of 12 articles equals the selling price of 10 articles. Find the profit percentage.

  1. 20%
  2. 15%
  3. 25%
  4. 18%
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Answer: A. Let CP of 1 article = 1. CP of 12 = 12 = SP of 10, so SP of 1 = 1.2. Profit % = (1.2-1)/1 × 100 = 20%.

Sample Medium question 5

The cost price of 15 articles equals the selling price of 12 articles. Find the profit percentage.

  1. 22%
  2. 20%
  3. 28%
  4. 25%
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Answer: D. Let CP of 1 = 1. CP of 15 = 15 = SP of 12, so SP of 1 = 1.25. Profit % = 25%.

Sample Medium question 6

A shopkeeper uses a false weight of 900 g instead of 1 kg but sells at the marked cost price. Find his profit percentage.

  1. 12.5%
  2. 11.11%
  3. 15%
  4. 10%
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Answer: B. He gives 900 g but charges for 1000 g. Profit % = (1000-900)/900 × 100 ≈ 11.11%.

Sample Hard question 7

By selling 45 lemons for Rs. 40, a man loses 20%. How many lemons should he sell for Rs. 24 to gain 20%?

  1. 15
  2. 18
  3. 16
  4. 20
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Answer: B. Cost of 45 lemons = 40/0.8 = 50, cost per lemon = 10/9. For a 20% gain on Rs. 24, cost needed = 24/1.2 = 20, so lemons = 20 ÷ (10/9) = 18.

Sample Hard question 8

A retailer buys a radio for Rs. 225 and sells it at a loss equal to what he would have gained by selling it for Rs. 320. Find the cost price he actually paid relative to a selling price giving no profit no loss.

  1. 275
  2. 280
  3. 272.50
  4. 277.50
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Answer: C. If loss at Rs. 225 equals gain at Rs. 320, the no-profit-no-loss price is the average: (225+320)/2 = 272.50.

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