Rivers and Lakes of Jammu & Kashmir: Notes & MCQs for JKSSB

J&K GK · 2026-09-30 · 6 min read

J&K Geography is a fixed part of every JKSSB General Awareness section, and rivers and lakes are its most repeated sub-topic. Questions ask where a river originates, its ancient name, which lake is in which district, or which wetland is a Ramsar site.

Quick facts: Jhelum = Vitasta, rises at Verinag · Chenab = Asikni, formed at Tandi · Wular = India's largest freshwater lake · Ramsar sites: Wular (1990), Hokersar & Surinsar–Mansar (2005), Hygam & Shallabugh (2022)

The Jhelum: river of the Kashmir valley

Known in Sanskrit as the Vitasta, it rises at the Verinag spring (Anantnag), flows north-west through Srinagar, passes through Wular Lake, and leaves the valley near Baramulla. Its main tributaries:

  • Lidder — flows through Pahalgam, fed by the Kolahoi glacier
  • Sindh — flows through Sonamarg (Ganderbal)
  • Vishaw and Rambiara
  • Kishanganga — called the Neelum across the Line of Control

Rivers of the Jammu division

  • Chenab (ancient Asikni) — formed by the Chandra and Bhaga at Tandi (Lahaul, HP); enters J&K through Kishtwar and flows past Doda, Ramban, Reasi and Akhnoor
  • Tawi — flows through Jammu city; rises in the hills of Doda near Bhaderwah and joins the Chenab
  • Ravi — forms part of the boundary between Kathua and Punjab
Exam trap: the Indus, Zanskar, Shyok and Nubra now belong to Ladakh, a separate UT. Read carefully whether the question asks about 'J&K'.

Major lakes

  • Wular (Bandipora) — largest freshwater lake in India, Ramsar site since 1990; the Tulbul project is at its outlet
  • Dal (Srinagar) — houseboats, floating gardens, Char Chinar island, Hazratbal on its bank; Nigeen is connected to it
  • Manasbal (Ganderbal) — often called the supreme gem of Kashmir's lakes
  • Anchar — on Srinagar's northern edge

High-altitude lakes and wetlands

  • Gangbal — at the foot of Mount Harmukh (Ganderbal)
  • Vishansar, Krishansar, Gadsar, Satsar — the Kashmir Great Lakes route
  • Sheshnag — on the Amarnath Yatra route
  • Tarsar and Marsar — near the Aru valley; Kousarnag — Kulgam
  • Mansar (Samba) and Surinsar (Jammu) — joint Ramsar site, 2005
  • Hokersar (near Srinagar) — Ramsar 2005; Hygam and Shallabugh — 2022

Written and fact-checked by the MockNPrep team · Questions on this page are original · Editorial policy · Report an error

Practice questions

Q1. The Jhelum originates from which spring?

  1. Kokernag
  2. Verinag
  3. Achabal
  4. Anantnag
Show answer

Verinag — The Jhelum (Vitasta) rises at the Verinag spring in Anantnag district.

Q2. Wular Lake, the largest freshwater lake in India, is located in which district?

  1. Srinagar
  2. Ganderbal
  3. Bandipora
  4. Baramulla
Show answer

Bandipora — Wular lies in Bandipora district and has been a Ramsar site since 1990.

Q3. The Chenab is formed by the confluence of which two rivers?

  1. Chandra and Bhaga
  2. Lidder and Sindh
  3. Tawi and Ujh
  4. Zanskar and Shyok
Show answer

Chandra and Bhaga — Chandra and Bhaga meet at Tandi in Lahaul, Himachal Pradesh, to form the Chenab (ancient name Asikni).

Q4. Gangbal Lake lies at the foot of which mountain?

  1. Kolahoi
  2. Harmukh
  3. Amarnath
  4. Mahadev
Show answer

Harmukh — Gangbal lies at the base of Mount Harmukh in Ganderbal district.

Q5. Which pair of lakes in the Jammu division was jointly designated a Ramsar site in 2005?

  1. Mansar and Surinsar
  2. Dal and Nigeen
  3. Tarsar and Marsar
  4. Sheshnag and Kousarnag
Show answer

Mansar and Surinsar — Surinsar-Mansar lakes (Jammu and Samba districts) were listed together as a Ramsar site in 2005.

Q6. The Lidder river, which flows through Pahalgam, is fed mainly by which glacier?

  1. Machoi
  2. Kolahoi
  3. Siachen
  4. Thajiwas
Show answer

Kolahoi — The Lidder rises from the Kolahoi glacier and joins the Jhelum.

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