Profit/Loss & Discount

Ladakh Police Sub-Inspector · Mathematics · 47 practice questions with answers and explanations: 13 Easy, 32 Medium, 2 Hard.

Sample questions

Sample Easy question 1

An article costs Rs. 400. Find its selling price for a 15% loss.

  1. 338
  2. 340
  3. 335
  4. 330
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Answer: B. Selling price = 400 × 0.85 = Rs. 340.

Sample Easy question 2

A shirt marked at Rs. 800 is sold at a 25% discount. Find the selling price.

  1. 620
  2. 580
  3. 600
  4. 650
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Answer: C. Selling price = 800 × 0.75 = Rs. 600.

Sample Easy question 3

A book marked at Rs. 500 is sold for Rs. 425. Find the discount percentage.

  1. 18%
  2. 10%
  3. 15%
  4. 12%
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Answer: C. Discount % = (500-425)/500 × 100 = 15%.

Sample Medium question 4

If a discount of 25% is allowed on the marked price of an article, the shopkeeper gains 25%. If the discount is increased to 33%, what will be the shopkeeper's gain?

  1. 17%
  2. 13 2/3%
  3. 9 2/3%
  4. 11 2/3%
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Answer: D. Let the marked price be 100. Cost price = 100 × 0.75 ÷ 1.25 = 60. New selling price = 67. Gain % = 11 2/3%.

Sample Medium question 5

If a discount of 20% is allowed on the marked price of an article, the shopkeeper gains 20%. If the discount is increased to 25%, what will be the shopkeeper's gain?

  1. 10 1/2%
  2. 15%
  3. 14 1/2%
  4. 12 1/2%
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Answer: D. Let the marked price be 100. Cost price = 100 × 0.8 ÷ 1.2 = 66 2/3. New selling price = 75. Gain % = 12 1/2%.

Sample Medium question 6

If a discount of 10% is allowed on the marked price of an article, the shopkeeper gains 20%. If the discount is increased to 20%, what will be the shopkeeper's gain?

  1. 8 2/3%
  2. 6 2/3%
  3. 10%
  4. 4 2/3%
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Answer: B. Let the marked price be 100. Cost price = 100 × 0.9 ÷ 1.2 = 75. New selling price = 80. Gain % = 6 2/3%.

Sample Hard question 7

A retailer buys a radio for Rs. 225 and sells it at a loss equal to what he would have gained by selling it for Rs. 320. Find the cost price he actually paid relative to a selling price giving no profit no loss.

  1. 275
  2. 280
  3. 272.50
  4. 277.50
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Answer: C. If loss at Rs. 225 equals gain at Rs. 320, the no-profit-no-loss price is the average: (225+320)/2 = 272.50.

Sample Hard question 8

By selling 45 lemons for Rs. 40, a man loses 20%. How many lemons should he sell for Rs. 24 to gain 20%?

  1. 15
  2. 18
  3. 16
  4. 20
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Answer: B. Cost of 45 lemons = 40/0.8 = 50, cost per lemon = 10/9. For a 20% gain on Rs. 24, cost needed = 24/1.2 = 20, so lemons = 20 ÷ (10/9) = 18.

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